I must disagree with the previous answers.
Rio has preference by filtered coffee, (carioca ou cafezinho), quite like US filtered coffee, but a bit stronger.
There's no variety in grains, and coffee kinds are mostly filtered, expresso (not a preferred taste here), Capucchino and perhaps Irish.
The environment is set for you just having a coffee and leaving, no custom for long chatting.
The bars sometimes imitate starbucks, sometimes it wants to be european but very crowded and not fit for spending time.
You have starbuck in some shoppings and a couple neighbourhoods. It's a restricted version of the US starbucks, with no gran options.
Having been born in a colder climate, in Argentina, what we most miss is the cozy environments with nice music and time to spare. Most coffee shops are open to the streets, most usually without air conditioning. Ok, it's Rio, not London!